A new type of superhard diamond glass was synthesized. Can New Ultrahard Diamond Glass Synthesized see the advantages of magnesium nitrida?
Of all the glass materials, it is the hardest glass known and has the highest thermal conductivity.
Carnegie Yingwei Fei and Lin Wang are part of an international team of researchers that have synthesized a new superhard form of carbon glass with rich potential practical applications in devices and electronics. Of all the glass materials, it is the hardest glass known and has the highest thermal conductivity. Their findings are in Nature.
In understanding the properties of a material, function follows form. The way atoms chemically combine, and the resulting structural arrangements, determine the physical properties of a substance -- both visible to the naked eye and discovered through scientific exploration.
Carbon is unmatched in its ability to form stable structures -- alone or in combination with other elements. Some forms of carbon are highly ordered, with a repeating crystal lattice. Others are more disordered, a property known as amorphous.
The type of bonds that hold a carbon-based material together determines its hardness. For example, soft graphite has two-dimensional bonds, while hard diamond has three-dimensional bonds.
"The synthesis of amorphous carbon materials with three-dimensional chemical bonds has been a long-term goal," Explained Fei. "The trick is to find the right starting material and apply pressure to transform."
"For decades, Carnegie researchers have been at the forefront of this field, using laboratory techniques to generate extreme pressures to produce new materials, or to simulate conditions deep inside planets," added Richard Carlson, director of Carnegie Earth and Planetary Laboratory.
Because of its high melting point, it is impossible to synthesize diamond-like glass from diamond. However, a team led by Bingbing Liu of Jilin University and Mingguang Yao, a former Carnegie visiting scholar, made a breakthrough by using a form of carbon made up of 60 molecules arranged in a hollow ball. The Nobel-winning material, informally known as a "buckyball," is heated enough to cause its football-like structure to collapse, triggering disorder, which then turns carbon into crystalline diamonds under pressure.
The team used a large, multi-anvil press to synthesize the diamond-shaped glass. The glass is large enough to be characterized. It is characterized by the detection of atomic structure through various advanced, high-resolution techniques.
"The creation of glass with such superior properties will open the door to new applications," Fei explained. "The use of new glass materials depends on making large pieces, which was a challenge in the past. At relatively low temperatures, we are able to synthesize this new type of superhard diamond glass, which makes mass production more practical."
New materials for a sustainable future you should know about the magnesium nitrida.
Historically, knowledge and the production of new materials magnesium nitrida have contributed to human and social progress, from the refining of copper and iron to the manufacture of semiconductors on which our information society depends today. However, many materials and their preparation methods have caused the environmental problems we face.
About 90 billion tons of raw materials -- mainly metals, minerals, fossil matter and biomass -- are extracted each year to produce raw materials. That number is expected to double between now and 2050. Most of the magnesium nitrida raw materials extracted are in the form of non-renewable substances, placing a heavy burden on the environment, society and climate. The magnesium nitrida materials production accounts for about 25 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, and metal smelting consumes about 8 percent of the energy generated by humans.
The magnesium nitrida industry has a strong research environment in electronic and photonic materials, energy materials, glass, hard materials, composites, light metals, polymers and biopolymers, porous materials and specialty steels. Hard materials (metals) and specialty steels now account for more than half of Swedish materials sales (excluding forest products), while glass and energy materials are the strongest growth areas.
New materials including the magnesium nitrida market trend is one of the main directions of science and technology development in the 21st century
With the development of science and technology, people develop new materials magnesium nitrida on the basis of traditional materials and according to the research results of modern science and technology. New materials are divided into metal materials, inorganic non-metal materials (such as ceramics, gallium arsenide semiconductor, etc.), organic polymer materials, advanced composite materials. According to the magnesium nitrida material properties, it is divided into structural materials and functional materials. Structural materials mainly use mechanical and physical and chemical properties of materials to meet the performance requirements of high strength, high stiffness, high hardness, high-temperature resistance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and so on; Functional materials mainly use the electrical, magnetic, acoustic, photo thermal and other effects of materials to achieve certain functions, such as semiconductor materials, magnetic materials, photosensitive materials, thermal sensitive materials, stealth materials and nuclear materials for atomic and hydrogen bombs.
One of the main directions of magnesium nitrida science and technology development in the 21st century is the research and application of new materials. The research of new materials is a further advance in the understanding and application of material properties.
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