Scientific News Boron Nitride Graphene Mixture May Be Suitable For Next-Generation Green Cars

Scientific community has long been fascinated by boron nitride due to its unique properties: sturdy, ultra-thin transparent, insulating and lightweight. The boron is a material that can be used by a wide range of researchers.
According to researchers at Rice University a graphene film separated by boron nanotube columns could be used as a material for storing fuel hydrogen in automobiles.

The Department of Energy is setting the benchmark in storage materials to make hydrogen fuel a practical option for light vehicles. A new computational study by materials scientist Rouzbeh Sharsavari of Rice Lab has determined that pillared Boron Nitride and graphene may be suitable candidates.

Shahsavari's lab determined the elastic and columnar graphene structures by computer simulation, and then processed the boron nanotubes to create a mixture that simulates an unique three-dimensional structural design. (A sample boron nanotubes seamlessly bound to graphene is prepared.

As the pillars of the building provide space between floors for people, so do the pillars within the boron-nitride graphene. The goal is to keep them inside and then exit when needed.

The researchers discovered that the latest simulations of molecular dynamics showed that pillared carbon nitride and graphene have a high surface area (about 2.547 square meters/square meter) as well as good recyclability in ambient conditions. Their model shows adding oxygen or lithium will improve the material's ability to combine with hydrogen.

The researchers focused on four different simulations: a graphene pillared with boron or lithium, or a pillared carbon nitride.

The best graphene at room temperature was oxygen-doped boron oxide graphene. This graphene weighs 11.6% (weight capacity) and 60 g/L volume capacity.

The material's hydrogen weight was 14.77% in a cold temperature of -321 Fahrenheit.

The current US Department of Energy economic storage media goal is to store more hydrogen than 5.5% in weight and 40 grams of hydrogen per liter under moderate conditions. The ultimate target is 7.5% weight and 70 gram per liter.

Shahsavari explained that the hydrogen atoms adsorb on boron-nitride graphene without oxygen doping due to weak van der Waals forces. When the material has been doped with oxygen the atoms bind strongly to the mixture. This produces a surface that is better for hydrogen.

"Because the nature of charge and interaction, adding oxygen to the substratum gives us a strong bond," said he. "Oxygen, and hydrogen have been known to share a strong chemical affinity."

Shahsavari explained that the polarization characteristics of boron Nitride combined with graphene as well as the electron mobility in graphene themselves make the material highly adaptable to applications.

Shahsavari explains that "we are looking for the best point" which describes ideal conditions such as the balance of surface area, weight and material as well as the operating temperature and pressure. "This is only possible through computational modeling as we can test a lot of changes very quickly. In just a couple of days, the experimenter is able to finish the work that would normally take months.

He stated that these structures are strong enough to easily surpass the requirements of Department of Energy. This means that the hydrogen fuel tanks can withstand up to 1,500 charging and discharging cycles.

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Knowing the interesting chemical elements boron B comes from afar

Boron has been a major name in the world of chemistry. There have been two Nobel Prizes in Chemistry for the work done on boron.

There are a few heat-resistant products on the market that have boric acid added to the glass. This means the glass will not expand or contract easily after joining.

Diamond is the hardest substance known to man. However, recent theories suggest boron-nitride in alternate forms, such as wurtzite, may be harder. However, the crystals for this compound have not been created yet.

Boron compounds have a number of interesting properties. They play a crucial role in polymer crosslinking, which gives plasticine a remarkable ability. It is soft and malleable when held in your hands but becomes hard and elastic if you throw it at a wall.

Boric acid is a compound that contains boron and it's often used as a medicine or to kill insects. Boric Acid can be used for eye disinfection, especially in high school and middle school chemistry laboratories.
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Compound Name TiH2 Powder Titanium Hydride Application For Welding And Catalysts

The titanium hydride used as a getter is also used to make metal foams, as well as to provide high-purity hydrogen. It can also be found in powder metallurgy and metal-ceramic sealing to supply the alloy powder with titanium.

Titanium Hydride is brittle. It can therefore be used for powdered titanium. The hydride is also used to weld. Thermal decomposition of titanium hydride precipitates new, ecological hydrogen and Titanium metal. This increases the strength and promotes welding.

PNNL's collaborators and PNNL discovered a method to get around this issue six years in advance. They additionally developed a low cost way of supplying material at a commercial scale. Instead of starting with molten Titanium, the team substituted titanium-hydride (TiH2) Powder.

In the last few years, another BE PM-Ti approach has been developed that allows for the production of BE components which are almost poreless at one time. This method uses vacuum sintering titanium hydride (TiH2) instead of Ti-steel powder. TiH2 powders will dehydrogenate during the entire sintering process at low temperatures, before being sintered under vacuum at high temperature.

Current implant requirements include biocompatibility and bone-like mechanical properties. Porous Titanium can meet these needs if enough porosity is obtained, as well as large pores and interconnections that allow bone to grow. Porous components are created from TiH2 based feedstocks with space holders.

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Newly 3000°C Ablative Ceramic Coating Successfully Developed - Multi-boron-containing Single-phase Carbide

Boron carbide is also known as black Diamond. It has a molecular structure of B4C. The powder is typically grayish. It is one the three hardest materials known (the other two being diamond and cubic boronnitride). It can be found in many industrial applications, including tank armor, for body armor, as well as other applications. It has a Mohs toughness of 9.3. A large number of tests were conducted by the team of Academician Huang Boyun of Central South University’s National Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy to develop a new ceramic coating and composite materials that are resistant to 3000°C ablation. This discovery could pave a way for the creation of hypersonic cars.

According to Professor Xiong Xiang of the Institute of Powder Metallurgy of Central South University's Institute of Powder Metallurgy (IPM), hypersonic flight is defined as a flight speed that is at least 6120 kilometers per hour, or 5 times faster than the speed of the sound. With such high speeds, a flight from Beijing to New York could be completed in just 2 hours if the aircraft's key structural components can handle severe air friction as well as hot air impacts of 2000-3000 degrees Celsius. . Central South University has developed ceramic composites and coatings for ultra-high temperatures that provide a better level of protection for these components. The world's very first synthesis of a boron-containing single-phase ultra high temperature ceramic material made into a coating and perfect "fusion" was reported. In the current field, new materials are dominated by the study of mixed material systems in binary compound system. The successful application of materials quaternary to hypersonic will be greatly facilitated by its development.

The novel ceramic coated modified carbon/carbon material is composed by a single-phase carbide of zirconium (quarterary), titanium (quaternary), carbon and boron (quaternary) elements with a stable carbide structural structure. Infiltration of a multiceramic phase is the main method for obtaining it. The ultra high temperature ceramic combines the high-temperature adaptability of carbides and the anti-oxidation characteristics of borides. This makes the composites and the coatings have superior ablation and thermal shock resistance. The ceramic oxide can withstand an ultra-high temperature of 3000 degC and has low oxygen diffusion rates, self-healing properties at high temperatures, dense and gradient ceramic coatings, all of which make the ceramic a lighter material. Ablation loss rate.

"This ultra-high-temperature ceramic combines carbide's high temperature adaptability with boride's anti-oxidation properties, resulting in superior ablation and thermal shock resistance. This is essential for hypersonic cars." The promising candidates," said Xiong Xiang.

Nature Communications published the results of research conducted by the team on 15 June. The State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy of Central South University was the first completion unit of this thesis. Zeng Yi and Professor Xiong Xiang are the first correspondents. First author is the doctor. The University of Manchester (UK), a partner organization, characterized the material and performed an analysis.

After publication, the article attracted a great deal of interest from the foreign media and academic circles. In the three days immediately following publication, this article was downloaded over 5,000-times, while other articles were only downloaded 300 to 900-times. The Daily Mail in Britain, The Economist in the United States and Public Machinery (Russia) have all covered the research. . According to the reviewer in Nature Newsletter, the above research results "will ignite the academic excitement and interest in applying quaternary materials in hypersonic fields, because this material system represents a promising one."

The team has been working on anti-oxidation coatings for carbon/carbon composites since 2002. This was done with the help of the National 863 and 973, as well as the National Natural Science Foundation. Professor Chang Xiang is the leader of this project. Find a new ultra high temperature ceramic coating that has excellent oxidation resistance, and resistance to ablation. During the research, the material systems screened, from the initial silica carbide to strontium carbide (and then titanium carbide), zirconium carbonate, zirconium boreide, tantalum carbide and hundreds of other high-temperature materials involved almost all existing ultra-high-temperature ceramics and composites. It has taken 15 years to achieve the breakthrough of developing new ablation-resistant coatings in 3000 degC ultra high temperature environment.

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Nano silver substitution trend is irreversible

Infrared to be replaced first by nanowires
Due to the rapid growth of the display industry, as well the scarcity of indium, and the high processing costs of ITO films, industry leaders have been searching for alternatives, such as nanowires. Silver nanowires, among other alternatives, are the most advantageous due to their technology and maturity. Additionally, they are flexible and can be used to replace other materials that conduct electricity with flexible displays of east winds.

Nanosilver has the most important role in Nanosilver. Nanosilver has excellent antibacterial properties and is safe.

"Silver nanowires are being used to replace infrared touchscreen technology in large-scale applications. Du said, "The substitute is already obvious." "the large-size product of silver nanowires has gained customers' appreciation, especially in electronic whiteboard market which is expected to grow in 2019."

Infrared is currently the main touch control technology used on electronic whiteboards. Infrared transmitter tube and receiving tube is arranged on the raised border so that infrared optical networks are formed.

The next big flashpoint is 2020

The global smartphone market, with its huge population, has started to slow. However, the small and mid-sized markets, due to their large base of users, are also vital for silver nanowires technology to become mainstream.

"The smartphone industry needs revolutionary innovation, whether it's facial recognition, the full screen or the hot AI feature," du said. "Whether it is facial recognition, a full-screen, or a hot AI feature, smartphone innovation needs to be revolutionary," du said. For now, foldable smartphones are a good thing.

The last step to breaking through the nanowire

The technology of silver microwires is not widely used. The production, manufacture, storage, and patent of the silver nanowires is considered to be an important factor that limits their development.

It is not possible to replace ITO conductive film with silver nanowires. The future holds the biggest potential for completely new applications.

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What metal can withstand higher temperatures than tungsten

What metal is more resistant to heat than tungsten?

Among all metal elements, tungsten's melting point is the highest, at 3,422. (Boiling point: 5,930). The melting point of tungsten is higher than any other metal element.

Tungsten is element number 74 in the VIB Group of Period 6. Each atom has the ability to form six metal bond.

There are elements that can be heated higher than tungsten. Solid carbon can reach temperatures as high as 3,627 degrees c. However, carbon does not have a fixed melting temperature (one atmosphere), because it sublimates between 3627 and 4330 degrees c.

Ta4HfC5 is the heat-resistant material that humans have produced so far. It has a melt point of 4215. The alloy is composed of tantalum carbide and hafnium carbide (melting point 4215), which melts at a temperature higher than that of tungsten.

The melting point of a material is dependent on its pressure. The higher the pressure the higher it will be. But when temperature and pressure go beyond critical, then the material becomes superfluid, losing its melting point.
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Molybdenum disulfide nanoelectromechanical system ultra-thin ultra-small ultra-low power consumption

As a typical material with two dimensions, graphene is widely used and highly sought-after by the scientific and industrial community. What exactly is a 2-dimensional material? Simple, two-dimensional material is a non-nanoscale (1 to 100 nm) material in which electrons are able to move freely in two directions (planar movement). Examples of such materials include: graphene; boron-nitride; transition metal compounds, (disulfide); Molybdenum; tungsten-disulfide and tungsten-disilicide.
2D materials can be used in a variety of fields. After combining the previous introductions from the authors: spintronics and printed electronics are examples. , quantum dots, sensors, semiconductor manufacturing, NFC, medical, etc.


Molybdenum diulfide, also known as MoS2, is a two-dimensional material that deserves our attention. Molybdenum diulfide, which is composed of two atoms of molybdenum with one atom of sulfur, has only three atoms of thickness. Molybdenum diulfide and graphene are almost identical in thickness, however, molybdenum diulfide's band gap is 1.8 eV whereas graphene has no band gap. The author of this article once stated that the US Department of Energy Berkeley Lab's research team had accurately measured band gap of semiconductor two-dimensional materials molybdenum sulfide and revealed a powerful tuning mechanism.


In addition, the molybdenum diulfide has an electron mobility that is 100 cm2 /vs. (ie. 100 electrons per centimeter square per volt), although it's much lower than the crystal. The silicon has an electron migration rate of about 1400 cm2/vs. However, it is better than amorphous silica and other ultra thin semiconductors.

Molybdenum diulfide, with its excellent semiconductor characteristics and small size and ultra-thinness, is ideal for transistors, flexible electronic devices, LEDs, Lasers, and Solar Cells.

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Tungsten Oxide Insulation Material Can Make The Sun Room Cool in Winter and Cool in Summer

What is tungsten Oxide?Tungsten dioxide has the molecular formula WO3 with a weight of 2318.5.
It is a form of tungsticanhydride. Tungsten dioxide is not produced in industrial production. The tungsten-trioxide salts are classified according to their content in tungsten, such as tungstic, sodium tungstate or calcium tungstate.
Tungsten Trioxide is a powdery pale yellow triclinic crystal. Once the temperature reaches 740 deg C it changes into an orange tetragonal crystalline. In air, it is stable, with a melting point of 1473 deg C and a boiling point higher than 1750.
Tungsten Trioxide is one of the most stable tungsten oxydes. It is not soluble in water or inorganic acids except hydrofluoric. It is soluble with hot sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia and hot concentrated sodium chloride to form soluble tantstate. If the temperature is greater than 650 deg C it can reduce by H2, but at 1000-1100 C it can reduce by C to get tungsten.

The application of transparent tungsten dioxide insulation material
Smart homes makes home life safer, more comfortable and convenient. The smart home also saves energy and is environmentally friendly. So, it's not surprising to see the smart sunroom. The so-called "intelligence", one of them, is to break the room in summer like "fire stove", winterlike a refrigerator. Transparent semiconductor materials like tungsten oxide transparent materials are a good way to make the sun room cool in the summer and warm in winter. My opinion is that it's not necessary to install floor heating and air conditioning equipment. The best solution to heat insulation is to start at the source.

This concept of smart homes has already permeated our minds and is being applied everywhere! Unfortunately, this author hasn't been able live an intelligent lifestyle. This led to the classic home scene: the author left the house every time. The result was that he forgot something, but remembered it halfway. Is your air conditioner turned off? You cannot survive the day if you do not go back to confirm. But go back, and you'll be late to work! What about changing to a smart home scenario? ----After locking the front door, switch the smart home scenario to an unmanned mode, turn off the power of the terminal blocks, and check the status via the mobile app at any time. It is easy to use, and it makes people feel more at ease.
The switch to a smart room can also be compared. Some sunrooms are now using Low-e glasses. Researchers tested the blocking of ultraviolet rays and near-infrared radiation by glass coated with nano-tungsten dioxide coating, Low e glass, glasses with heat-insulating films, hollow tempered and single-sided tempered glass. The glass coated with nano-tungsten dioxide has a 91% infrared blockage rate; the 91% ultraviolet blockage rate. 2. Low-e glass has an infrared blocking percentage of 62.8%, and UV blocking is at 56%. 3. The infrared blocking percentage of glass with heat-insulating films is 59%, while the ultraviolet blocking percentage is 99.7%. 4. Hollow tempered glasses have an infrared-blocking rate of 34.2%, and a ultraviolet-blocking rate of 23.5%. 5. The infrared blocking percentage of single-sided glasses is 12.4%, and the ultraviolet blocking is 13.5%.

As can be seen by the data, single-sided tempered glass with nano tungsten oxide coating has the best infrared blocking ability. Single-sided tempered glass with thermal film and nano tungsten oxide have the most effective ultraviolet blocking ability. Single-sided glass that is coated. Industry insiders say that because UV light is bactericidal and most people want to take pictures of the sun, a high UV-blocking rate is unhealthy. It is a well-known fact that solar radiation supplies energy to all of Earth's life activities. The amount of infrared, ultraviolet, and other rays that are present in sunlight is important. In general, the scientifically-recommended permeability rate is around 10%. In terms of health and energy savings, using nano-tungsten oxide coated insulation glass is the most effective.

It is clear that tungsten oxide is a transparent insulation material with two issues to solve urgently when building energy-saving windows: Transparency is defined as the ability to transmit light. It also meets lighting requirements. High barrier for the near infrared. This reduces the energy consumed by blocking the sun's radiant heat.
Moreover, since it is an environmentally friendly heat-insulating water-based material, tungsten dioxide transparent heat insulating can be painted to a thickness as low as a few nanometers. This allows you to enjoy the "warm winter" and the "cool summer" effect without opening your air conditioner. This kind of insulation also offers excellent safety features (if the glass breaks, there will be no glass slag), privacy protection, stain-resistance, self cleaning, anti glare, and other functions. . These materials include tungsten bronze as well as ITO, ATO FTO.
Tungsten-oxide insulation is not an "invisible technology", but rather a result of technological and scientific development. According to the author, in today's advocacy for "energy conservation and emission reduction" as well as "taking the path towards sustainable development", these transparent insulation materials will receive more and greater attention.

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High Purity Germanium Sulfide GeS2 Powder CAS 12025-34-2, 99.99%

Germanium Sulfide (GeS2) is a semiconductor compound with the chemical Formula GeS2. It is easily soluble when heated alkali is used, but not in water.Particle size: 100mesh
Purity: 99.99%

Metal Alloy 8.92g/Cm3 High Purity Polished Copper Plate

Copper products have good electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, ductility, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. They are widely used in electricity, electronics, energy, petrochemical industry.

High Purity Nano Hafnium Hf powder CAS 7440-58-6, 99%

Hafnium Powder is a metal made from hafnium. The most common method to prepare hafnium from sponge hafnium involves hydrogenation and deshydrogenation. Purity>99%
Particle Size : 5-10 Micron

Metal Alloy 18g/cm3 High Density Tungsten Alloy Ball

W-Ni - Cu alloy is used in the production of Tungsten alloy balls. It is widely utilized in the fields of aviation, oil drilling, and aerospace.